Hunting in Bono East: Exploring Geography, Examining Legislation, and Learning Interesting Facts

Bono East, a centrally located region in Ghana created in 2019, is a land of rich agricultural heritage, forests, and diverse ecosystems. Hunting in Bono East has long played a vital role in local life—serving as a traditional means of sustenance, a source of income, and a cultural legacy among various ethnic communities. While modernization and conservation laws have begun to reshape how hunting is practiced, it remains an integral part of rural survival and identity. Geography and Natural Features of Bono East for Hunting The landscape of Bono East is characterized by a mix of forest-savanna transition zones, woodlands, farmlands, and water bodies such as Lake Volta, the Pru River, and Black Volta tributaries. Forest reserves like the Afram Headwaters and Bia Tano provide habitats for a variety of wildlife. These diverse ecological features create a conducive environment for both terrestrial and aquatic game, although increasing human activity—especially farming and settlement—has placed pressure on wildlife populations. Specificities of Hunting in Bono East Hunting in Bono East is predominantly subsistence-based, carried out by rural dwellers to provide meat for the household or to sell in local markets. Hunting methods include the use of traps, snares, hunting dogs, and locally made or registered firearms. Many hunters also rely on tracking and bushcraft skills passed down through generations. Hunting is often seasonal and closely linked to the agricultural calendar, with more activity during farming downtimes or in the dry season when animal movement is more predictable. Hunters and Demographics in Bono East Hunters are primarily men, though boys learn by accompanying older relatives. Women are heavily involved in the post-hunting process, including meat preparation, preservation, and selling at local markets. In some communities, hunting is a family tradition, with clans known for their skills in the forest. There are no formal hunting organizations, but informal cooperation among hunters is common, especially when tackling larger game or crop-raiding animals. Types of Game and Hunting in Bono East Medium game: Grasscutters (cane rats), duikers, bushbuck, and antelopes are widely hunted for food and trade. Small game: Rodents, porcupines, monitor lizards, and ground birds such as guinea fowl and francolins are frequent targets. Aquatic species: Rivers and ponds offer opportunities to hunt or trap frogs, turtles, and fish. Protected species: Elephants, pangolins, and primates are protected under Ghanaian law, and hunting them is prohibited. Hunting Seasons in Bono East Bono East follows Ghana’s national hunting season schedule: Open season: From 1st August to 31st December, hunting of certain non-protected species is legally permitted. Closed season: From 1st January to 31st July, hunting is restricted to allow breeding and population recovery. Some traditional communities observe customary taboos or assign specific days or zones for no hunting, particularly around sacred groves or spiritual periods. Hunting Structures and Local Organization in Bono East Most hunting activities are guided by traditional leadership—chiefs, elders, and family heads who oversee the use of communal lands. These leaders may resolve disputes over hunting areas, set informal restrictions, or grant access to specific forested zones. In forest reserve zones, the Forestry Commission and Wildlife Division play a role in regulating hunting, issuing licenses, and enforcing laws. In recent years, NGOs and extension officers have worked with local hunters to promote sustainable practices. Hunting Legislation in Bono East The Wildlife Conservation Regulations (LI 685) and other national policies regulate hunting in Ghana. Hunting of protected species is strictly illegal, and licensed hunting is only allowed during the designated open season. The use of illegal traps, poisons, and unregistered firearms is prohibited. Enforcement remains a challenge in remote areas, but awareness campaigns and increased patrols in protected areas are helping to reduce illegal hunting activities. Hunting Traditions in Bono East Hunting holds cultural and social significance in Bono East. It is seen as a symbol of skill, bravery, and resourcefulness, and is often tied to rites of passage for young men. Stories of great hunters, animal encounters, and forest spirits are passed down through oral tradition. Some communities still maintain sacred forests, where hunting is strictly forbidden, helping to preserve biodiversity through spiritual and ancestral respect. Interesting Facts about Hunting in Bono East Bono East is known for its grasscutter hunting culture, with this species being both hunted and increasingly farmed. Sacred groves in towns like Atebubu and Yeji are protected by tradition and act as informal conservation zones. Bushmeat is a common feature in local markets, but urban migration and changing diets are gradually reducing demand. Traditional hunters sometimes use animal mimicry, herbal camouflage, and tracking signs to locate prey. Community engagement in alternative livelihood programs, such as beekeeping and agroforestry, is growing in the region. In Bono East, hunting continues to be a key element of rural life—supporting food security, income, and cultural identity. As Ghana strengthens its conservation efforts and promotes sustainable development, integrating traditional ecological knowledge with modern wildlife management will be essential. Through collaboration, education, and respect for cultural heritage, Bono East can balance biodiversity protection with the well-being of its people.