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Ksenia B

Picking Your Puppy: Traits to Look for in Your Next Hunting Dog


Are You Looking for a Hunting Dog Puppy? You wouldn’t walk into a sporting goods store and purchase the first shotgun you saw without doing some background research first, so why then would you skip that step when selecting a puppy that you’ll be hunting with for the next 10 to 12 years? Many hunters make that mistake and end up regretting later. In addition to being your most valuable hunting asset, your hunting dog is likely to become your closest companion. Not only will it share some of the best moments of your life with you, it’ll make many of them possible. You’ll spend hours with your dog during training and in the field, so you want to take great care in choosing the puppy that is perfect for you. Tim Nichols of Fall Flight Retrievers says not every puppy has what it takes to become an outstanding hunting dog. So you need to know what qualities and traits to look for, specifically when it comes to health and trainability. “The most important tip I can give you is to go look at several litters of puppies and don’t take your checkbook with you,” Nichols said. “You need to do some considerable research before selecting a puppy. If you bring your checkbook with you, you’re likely to purchase a puppy before you should because they’re cute, and they’re hard to resist.” Pedigree and Health You’ve heard the saying he or she is “a chip off the old block” when referring to a child’s resemblance in personality and appearance to his or her parents. This rings true in the dog world as well, especially when it comes to health-related issues and trainability. “The very first thing you want to do is look at the parents’ health clearances,” Nichols says. “Make sure that neither parent has had an issue with hip dysplasia. The Orthopedic Foundation for Animals (OFA) will certify the dog’s hips based on a scale of good, excellent or fair, and will include the results in a database.” Remember the puppy you choose should be your hunting partner for 10 to 12 years. If that puppy ends up with hip dysplasia, you’ll get no more than three or four years out of it. Parents also go through certification that checks their eyes for vision problems and their bodies for muscular dystrophy. There’s also a genetic test for Exercise Induced Collapse (EIC), a genetic disorder that can be passed down from the parents. A dog with EIC will get heat exhaustion if it is overly worked or excited and can experience muscle weakness and even collapse. “Last year, a guy brought me a great-looking dog to train,” Nichols said. “I had her out in the field training and all of the sudden, she lost control of her back legs. She couldn’t even get in her trailer. I took her home and called the owner. He had not checked on the parents' genetics, and sure enough, after testing his dog, he found out she had EIC.” Nichols warns that if you select a puppy with parents that have not been genetically tested, it will most likely come back to bite you. Performance Titles Next, check to see what titles the parents have received. If the parents have earned impressive titles, such as Grand Champion, etc., then chances are, the puppies are going to have the raw materials it takes to be great hunting dogs too. “When I train a dog that has parents that are titled and have a good health certificate, then I know that dog is going to learn fast. If the parents can do it, then the puppy can do it. It’s as if the puppy is programmed. I can often train a dog with good health and breeding in three or four weeks, whereas other dogs can take three or four months.” Nichols says when selecting a puppy, you are most likely going to get what you pay for. “Don’t expect much out of a puppy that only cost a couple hundred bucks with no health certificate,” he said. “You can get a nice, title puppy with all genetic testing for between $500 to $600. A puppy with Grand Hunter Retriever parents can run around $1,000. Of course, you can spend even more for a super-high quality puppy, but it’s not necessary.” Time to Select Your Puppy Nichols said when you go to look at the puppies, also check out the surroundings and ask yourself these questions: Are they in a nice whelping box with mom or out in a kennel in cold weather? Is the breeder reputable? Are the parents on site? Is the area clean and hygienic? If you can’t answer yes to these questions, you need to keep searching. When it comes time to select a puppy, Nichols warns not to automatically assume that the puppy that is running around, retrieving and being playful is the best pick of the litter. “That fact that one puppy is active and playful and the other two are resting or sleeping doesn’t mean a thing,” Nichols said. “The other two puppies may have been running and playing earlier and they’re now taking a nap. So, you can’t really tell much about a puppy by its energy level at any given moment. You do want to see if the puppy will come to you and if it acts spooky or is extremely shy.” Again, the best determinate of a puppy’s potential is its parents. “If the parents are on the premises, ask to see them,” he said. “Ask to see what mom and dad can do. If someone is coming to pick out one of my puppies, I always take out the parents and show the buyer what they can do. That way, they can get a true idea of their puppy’s potential.” Once you’ve selected a puppy, the best thing you can do for it is to socialize it. “For the first five months of that puppy’s life, take it with you everywhere you go,” Nichols said. “Get it out around other dogs, family members and friends as much as possible. If the dog is not socialized well, it will scare easily and will be much more difficult to train.” During those first several months, Nichols recommends you teach the puppy basic commands, such as sit, come and stay. Selecting a Trainer Once the dog has learned the basic commands and is approximately six months old, it’s ready to go to a trainer. When selecting a trainer, Nichols recommends following these steps. Ask for references. Ask the trainer for phone numbers of other clients and call them to ask about their experiences with the trainer. Attend several hunt tests near your home to check out the participating dogs. Find out who trains the dogs that perform the best. Ask the trainer to show you his dogs and work them for you. Also have him show you the parents of the puppies he has available and ask to see what they can do. Once you hand your dog over to a trainer, remain involved in the process to ease the transition for both you and the dog once it returns to you several months later. Actively participate in your dog’s training and use the opportunity to learn how to handle the dog. “Once your dog completes its training, take it hunting and follow the same program that your trainer used,” Nichols said. “After hunting with the dog for a season, bring it back to the trainer for a tune-up. Take the dog to hunt tests and make sure that it continues to progress.” If you put great care into selecting your puppy and choosing a high-quality trainer, then you’ll create a partnership that will reap great rewards for years to come, making the time, effort and money spent well worth it.

Picking Your Puppy: Traits to Look for in Your Next Hunting Dog
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How to Plan Your First Antelope Hunt Pronghorns are the gateway species for Western big-game hunters, and there’s a long season full of opportunity. Here’s when to go I wouldn’t go so far as to say a dead antelope buck smells good, but I don’t mind their odor a bit. There’s a hint of petting zoo goat — not necessarily repulsive in itself — mixed with dry Western air and sage and musk. All combined, somehow, the smell is sweet, and for me it always triggers good memories of hunting adventures far from home. Just about every Easterner ever to buy a deer tag has at some point dreamed of hunting out West. I talk to eager prospects every year, and many of them want to come out swinging, with designs on an elk hunt in the mountains. I love elk hunting, especially in September. But I always temper any encouragement I give with this reality: If you’re not going guided, you’re probably not going to kill an elk. Not your first year. If you’re prepared to pony up for a guided elk hunt, go for it. But for the price of even a cheap elk hunt, you can book two top-end antelope hunts. And if you have the gumption for a DIY trip, success comes much easier on a pronghorn hunt. We can talk about experiences and beautiful sunrises and all that … but I’ve always found the trip home to be better with a cooler of meat in tow. First Western hunt or not, a pronghorn is a critter that I can’t praise enough. They’re abundant and accessible. Their behavior is fascinating, and the country where they live is plenty wild — but also not likely to kill you. Their reputation as table fare is mixed, but there’s no call for that. I’ve never had one that wasn’t fine eating. Just don’t expect the bland flavor of corn-fed whitetail. My buddy Miles Fedinec, who’s been a Colorado guide and outfitter his entire adult life, agrees. He’s an antelope nut, having guided a few clients to some of the state’s all-time largest bucks. “Antelope are the most underrated, overlooked opportunity we have,” he says. “You can come out here, see the West, hunt when the weather is nice, and in all likelihood, go home with a trophy animal that’s great to eat. What’s not to love about that?” I love it so much that I’m headed to Colorado again this fall, on my seventh pronghorn hunt. I’ve chased them on public land and private, all over Colorado and Wyoming, with bows, crossbows, muzzleloaders, and centerfire rifles. I’ve had a ball at it every single time, and have always gotten a buck, too. Antelope season has phases just like any other season. I’ve hunted them all, but what you’re after from the experience dictates the timing of your hunt. If you’re looking at a calendar, here’s what to know. Early Archery Mid-August to Early September Pros: With the right conditions and a good setup, bowhunters can expect to see numerous animals, with high-odds shot opportunities. Archery seasons typically open mid-August (Aug. 15 in both Colorado and Wyoming), and the most productive way to hunt antelope at the time is from a ground blind over a water hole. Outfitters will have scouted options and set blinds ahead of time. If you’re hunting on your own, plan to spend a couple of days on the front end, scouting water sources with optics and trail cameras, to figure out where to place your hide. Good thing is, pop-up ground blinds don’t seem to bother the animals much. Go early, because the hotter and drier the weather, the better the action will be. Bring a small cooler with lunch and plenty of drinks, a full charge on your phone, and more than a couple of good books. I once read the biography of an undercover agent who infiltrated an outlaw biker gang, cover to cover, in an antelope blind. I’d no more than closed it when I looked up and saw a buck coming. If the conditions are good, you can expect to see plenty of animals, and to get a close-range shot. The action typically is at its best midmorning, but I’ve seen antelope walk in for a drink at all hours of the day. This style of hunting isn’t especially difficult, but it is effective, and a whole lot of fun if the conditions are favorable. If getting an antelope with a bow is your main goal, try to plan your hunt before Sept. 1. Much later than that, and you run a risk of cool Western mornings and autumn rains spoiling the action. The Rut Mid-September to Early October Pros: This is the rut, and it’s action packed. It’s also overlooked, since everyone else is elk hunting at the time. Cons: It’s tougher to fill a tag now with archery gear, since water-hole hunting is typically less productive and movement is less predictable. As much fun as hunting over a water hole can be, the rut is my favorite time to hunt antelope. Antelope are aggressive critters that fight and chase all over creation when love is in the air. Hunting from a blind can still work. It doesn’t hurt to have a water hole close by, but a fence gap between two pastures can really help seal the deal. One of the West’s great mysteries is that antelope hate jumping fences, even though they’re perfectly capable. I’ve watched them pace back and forth, for an hour and a mile, alongside a woven-wire fence. But a slight gap in the fence that they can squeeze through or under creates the equivalent of a whitetail hunter’s perfect pinch point. “You can come out here, see the West, hunt when the weather is nice, and in all likelihood, go home with a trophy animal that’s great to eat. What’s not to love about that?” — Miles Fedinec One morning a few years ago in Wyoming, I was in a blind 25 yards from just such a gap, waiting with a crossbow. I had a little buck on my side of the fence that had been farting around most of the morning. On the other side, well over a mile away, I could see a loose herd with a couple of good bucks chasing does, beating the snot out of each other, and generally acting like amorous antelope. I watched them for hours until finally, one of the bucks broke and began heading my way, presumably to find something else to chase or fight. I could tell he was headed toward the fence gap. The little buck in front of me saw him, too, and stood at full alert. The big buck noticed him and set into a trot, and then a gallop, at that fence gap to run the little buck off. I shot him just as he slowed to cross the wire. You can have a lot of fun by spot-and-stalk and decoy hunting this time of year, too. Keep eyes on doe groups with a good buck tending them. Don’t get discouraged if he runs off after a doe or smaller buck, because he will come back. Use dips in terrain to work in as close as you dare. If you’re archery hunting, try showing him a decoy, most of which are made to look like subordinate bucks. It’s a lot like reaping a gobbler behind a fan, and if it happens, it usually happens fast. Late Season Mid-October to the End Pros: Rifle seasons are typically open, and bucks are sometimes gathered in bachelor groups. Though there are some earlier opportunities, if you book a rifle hunt, odds are it’ll happen in early October. The rut’s waning by this point in the season, and animals are beginning to gather in larger herds, where they’ll remain through the winter. Still, it’s common to see a dominant buck with a large harem of does, especially early in the month. By midmonth, you’re liable to see all sorts of combos, but bachelor groups of bucks start hanging around together, too. I had a heck of a good time last year in late October in northeast Wyoming, where the bucks were grouped up. It was spitting snow and cold at daybreak, but it warmed up by midmorning, when we got on a group of about a dozen bucks, including two solid shooters. After two failed stalks, we finally crawled up to within 80 yards of them early that afternoon, for an easy shot. Many people think of rifle hunting antelope as a long-range game, and if that’s your thing, the chance is there. But a careful stalk through pretty country is the fun part of it. If you have hills to work with and a little patience, it’s easy enough to slip to within 200 yards of them. A blown stalk doesn’t always mean the end of the hunt, either. Give the animals time to settle down, and if you can locate them again, try them. TOP STOPS So where should you go? There are antelope all over the West (as far east as western Nebraska), but you can’t go wrong with these tried-and-true destinations. Wyoming It’s often said that Wyoming has more pronghorns than people, and after multiple trips there, I don’t doubt it. For pure opportunity, it’s the place to be. Success rates statewide exceed 85%. Outfitters are numerous, or can try your hand at the draw system. There are 115 different hunting areas, and as you might expect, some areas are more difficult to draw than others. The north-central part of the state, near Gillette, is where I’ve hunted most. It has a crazy number of animals but more limited public access. Colorado Archery hunters can buy over-the-counter tags and hunt many units in eastern Colorado. Public land is a little tough to come by there, but there are plenty of animals and outfitters available. It’s wide open and flat, making spot-and-stalk hunting especially challenging. Northwest Colorado is better known as a trophy destination. It’s hillier country, and an easier place to sneak in close. Getting a tag to hunt public land might take a few preference points, but it’s worth the wait. Outfitters in the area frequently have landowner vouchers available for securing a license. You just have to book before they’re all used up. New MexicoThe world-record buck — a 96 4/8 monster shot by Mike Gallo in 2013 — was killed in Socorro County. New Mexico has a reputation for producing big critters, and antelope are no exception. Public draw hunts are available (apply in March), and outfitted hunts on private land are surprisingly affordable.

How to Plan Your First Antelope Hunt Pronghorns are the gateway species for Western big-game hunters, and there’s a long season full of opportunity. Here’s when to go I wouldn’t go so far as to say a dead antelope buck smells good, but I don’t mind their odor a bit. There’s a hint of petting zoo goat — not necessarily repulsive in itself — mixed with dry Western air and sage and musk. All combined, somehow, the smell is sweet, and for me it always triggers good memories of hunting adventures far from home. Just about every Easterner ever to buy a deer tag has at some point dreamed of hunting out West. I talk to eager prospects every year, and many of them want to come out swinging, with designs on an elk hunt in the mountains. I love elk hunting, especially in September. But I always temper any encouragement I give with this reality: If you’re not going guided, you’re probably not going to kill an elk. Not your first year. If you’re prepared to pony up for a guided elk hunt, go for it. But for the price of even a cheap elk hunt, you can book two top-end antelope hunts. And if you have the gumption for a DIY trip, success comes much easier on a pronghorn hunt. We can talk about experiences and beautiful sunrises and all that … but I’ve always found the trip home to be better with a cooler of meat in tow. First Western hunt or not, a pronghorn is a critter that I can’t praise enough. They’re abundant and accessible. Their behavior is fascinating, and the country where they live is plenty wild — but also not likely to kill you. Their reputation as table fare is mixed, but there’s no call for that. I’ve never had one that wasn’t fine eating. Just don’t expect the bland flavor of corn-fed whitetail. My buddy Miles Fedinec, who’s been a Colorado guide and outfitter his entire adult life, agrees. He’s an antelope nut, having guided a few clients to some of the state’s all-time largest bucks. “Antelope are the most underrated, overlooked opportunity we have,” he says. “You can come out here, see the West, hunt when the weather is nice, and in all likelihood, go home with a trophy animal that’s great to eat. What’s not to love about that?” I love it so much that I’m headed to Colorado again this fall, on my seventh pronghorn hunt. I’ve chased them on public land and private, all over Colorado and Wyoming, with bows, crossbows, muzzleloaders, and centerfire rifles. I’ve had a ball at it every single time, and have always gotten a buck, too. Antelope season has phases just like any other season. I’ve hunted them all, but what you’re after from the experience dictates the timing of your hunt. If you’re looking at a calendar, here’s what to know. Early Archery Mid-August to Early September Pros: With the right conditions and a good setup, bowhunters can expect to see numerous animals, with high-odds shot opportunities. Archery seasons typically open mid-August (Aug. 15 in both Colorado and Wyoming), and the most productive way to hunt antelope at the time is from a ground blind over a water hole. Outfitters will have scouted options and set blinds ahead of time. If you’re hunting on your own, plan to spend a couple of days on the front end, scouting water sources with optics and trail cameras, to figure out where to place your hide. Good thing is, pop-up ground blinds don’t seem to bother the animals much. Go early, because the hotter and drier the weather, the better the action will be. Bring a small cooler with lunch and plenty of drinks, a full charge on your phone, and more than a couple of good books. I once read the biography of an undercover agent who infiltrated an outlaw biker gang, cover to cover, in an antelope blind. I’d no more than closed it when I looked up and saw a buck coming. If the conditions are good, you can expect to see plenty of animals, and to get a close-range shot. The action typically is at its best midmorning, but I’ve seen antelope walk in for a drink at all hours of the day. This style of hunting isn’t especially difficult, but it is effective, and a whole lot of fun if the conditions are favorable. If getting an antelope with a bow is your main goal, try to plan your hunt before Sept. 1. Much later than that, and you run a risk of cool Western mornings and autumn rains spoiling the action. The Rut Mid-September to Early October Pros: This is the rut, and it’s action packed. It’s also overlooked, since everyone else is elk hunting at the time. Cons: It’s tougher to fill a tag now with archery gear, since water-hole hunting is typically less productive and movement is less predictable. As much fun as hunting over a water hole can be, the rut is my favorite time to hunt antelope. Antelope are aggressive critters that fight and chase all over creation when love is in the air. Hunting from a blind can still work. It doesn’t hurt to have a water hole close by, but a fence gap between two pastures can really help seal the deal. One of the West’s great mysteries is that antelope hate jumping fences, even though they’re perfectly capable. I’ve watched them pace back and forth, for an hour and a mile, alongside a woven-wire fence. But a slight gap in the fence that they can squeeze through or under creates the equivalent of a whitetail hunter’s perfect pinch point. “You can come out here, see the West, hunt when the weather is nice, and in all likelihood, go home with a trophy animal that’s great to eat. What’s not to love about that?” — Miles Fedinec One morning a few years ago in Wyoming, I was in a blind 25 yards from just such a gap, waiting with a crossbow. I had a little buck on my side of the fence that had been farting around most of the morning. On the other side, well over a mile away, I could see a loose herd with a couple of good bucks chasing does, beating the snot out of each other, and generally acting like amorous antelope. I watched them for hours until finally, one of the bucks broke and began heading my way, presumably to find something else to chase or fight. I could tell he was headed toward the fence gap. The little buck in front of me saw him, too, and stood at full alert. The big buck noticed him and set into a trot, and then a gallop, at that fence gap to run the little buck off. I shot him just as he slowed to cross the wire. You can have a lot of fun by spot-and-stalk and decoy hunting this time of year, too. Keep eyes on doe groups with a good buck tending them. Don’t get discouraged if he runs off after a doe or smaller buck, because he will come back. Use dips in terrain to work in as close as you dare. If you’re archery hunting, try showing him a decoy, most of which are made to look like subordinate bucks. It’s a lot like reaping a gobbler behind a fan, and if it happens, it usually happens fast. Late Season Mid-October to the End Pros: Rifle seasons are typically open, and bucks are sometimes gathered in bachelor groups. Though there are some earlier opportunities, if you book a rifle hunt, odds are it’ll happen in early October. The rut’s waning by this point in the season, and animals are beginning to gather in larger herds, where they’ll remain through the winter. Still, it’s common to see a dominant buck with a large harem of does, especially early in the month. By midmonth, you’re liable to see all sorts of combos, but bachelor groups of bucks start hanging around together, too. I had a heck of a good time last year in late October in northeast Wyoming, where the bucks were grouped up. It was spitting snow and cold at daybreak, but it warmed up by midmorning, when we got on a group of about a dozen bucks, including two solid shooters. After two failed stalks, we finally crawled up to within 80 yards of them early that afternoon, for an easy shot. Many people think of rifle hunting antelope as a long-range game, and if that’s your thing, the chance is there. But a careful stalk through pretty country is the fun part of it. If you have hills to work with and a little patience, it’s easy enough to slip to within 200 yards of them. A blown stalk doesn’t always mean the end of the hunt, either. Give the animals time to settle down, and if you can locate them again, try them. TOP STOPS So where should you go? There are antelope all over the West (as far east as western Nebraska), but you can’t go wrong with these tried-and-true destinations. Wyoming It’s often said that Wyoming has more pronghorns than people, and after multiple trips there, I don’t doubt it. For pure opportunity, it’s the place to be. Success rates statewide exceed 85%. Outfitters are numerous, or can try your hand at the draw system. There are 115 different hunting areas, and as you might expect, some areas are more difficult to draw than others. The north-central part of the state, near Gillette, is where I’ve hunted most. It has a crazy number of animals but more limited public access. Colorado Archery hunters can buy over-the-counter tags and hunt many units in eastern Colorado. Public land is a little tough to come by there, but there are plenty of animals and outfitters available. It’s wide open and flat, making spot-and-stalk hunting especially challenging. Northwest Colorado is better known as a trophy destination. It’s hillier country, and an easier place to sneak in close. Getting a tag to hunt public land might take a few preference points, but it’s worth the wait. Outfitters in the area frequently have landowner vouchers available for securing a license. You just have to book before they’re all used up. New MexicoThe world-record buck — a 96 4/8 monster shot by Mike Gallo in 2013 — was killed in Socorro County. New Mexico has a reputation for producing big critters, and antelope are no exception. Public draw hunts are available (apply in March), and outfitted hunts on private land are surprisingly affordable.

Post: 16 September 2022

Ksenia B

Немного истории …Древние хорваты в пятом веке жили на северных склонах Карпат, в районе нынешних Кракова, Бреста и Львова. Византийцы называли их «белыми», или некрещеными хорватами. Само слово «хорват» также иранского происхождения. Впервые слово «кроатус» встречается в первом веке в надписи на глиняной табличке, найденной на Крымском полуострове. Да и название гор – Карпаты – ученые тоже производят от слова «кроат» или «хорват». Утверждают также, что хорваты приложили свою руку в дело основания Киева – из трех основателей – Кий, Щек и Хорив – как раз последний был хорватом. Каким же образом хорватам посчастливилось попасть на берег моря? Оказывается, довольно просто. Византийские правители часто в древние времена приглашали на воинскую службу представителей других народов. Однажды повезло и хорватским воинам. Их призвали пожить на берегу Адриатического моря в начале седьмого века. В хорватских хрониках это событие нашло яркое отражение. Там говорится о пяти братьях и двух сестрах – предводителях племен, которые снялись с насиженных мест и переселились к морю. В результате оказалось, что выигрыш хорватов получился многократным – мало того, что они сменили климат на вполне приличный, но еще и попали в прогрессивную социальную среду. Это дало возможность быстро развиваться во всех отношениях и выгодно отличаться от других племен, не получивших «приморскую» прописку. У хорватов, к примеру, раньше всех возникло государство. Уже в 925 году Папа Римский венчал королевской короной хорватского князя. Они раньше всех приняли христианство – в седьмом веке. У них раньше всех возникла письменность, основанная на настоящей, исконно славянской азбуке – глаголице. Первая типография появилась в Косине через тридцать лет после изобретения Гутенберга. Самый старинный открытый европейский театр находится на острове Хвар. Благодаря сильному влиянию католичества, в Хорватии существует богатая литература на латинском языке, которая занимает второе место после Италии. История Хорватии – сложная и запутанная. Хорошо, конечно, жить в приличном месте с видом на море, но, сами понимаете, дело это не только приятное, но и опасное, так как все время приходилось отбиваться от желающих урвать себе кусочек чужой землицы под южным солнцем. Каких только сражений ни видела эта земля! Хорваты воевали с гуннами, татарами, франками, венецианцами, турками… Граница Хорватии всегда была границей между двумя мирами: сначала между Западом и Римской империей, между варварами и христианством, и в конечном итоге – между Европой и Азией. В 1102 году Хорватия объединилась с Венгрией, венгерский король Кальман стал одновременно и королем Хорватии. Таким образом, вплоть до 1918 года истории двух стран тесно переплетаются друг с другом. Объединение нескольких стран в одно государство – Югославию – сразу выявило целый клубок противоречий. Это непродуманное и поспешное политическое решение долгие годы негативно сказывалось на жизни балканских государств. После Второй мировой войны Югославия стала членом социалистического лагеря, а правительство возглавили коммунисты. Внешне все выглядело вполне пристойно, пожалуй, ни одна страна соцлагеря не была так близка по экономическому уровню к капитализму. Даже туристы, отправляющиеся в те годы в Югославию, оформлялись по особо разработанному образцу. Короче, туризм в эту страну развивался бы и развивался, если бы не грянула гражданская война. По сути, долгие годы и десятилетия, Югославия как бы пребывала на пороховой бочке внутренних противоречий, которые рано или поздно взорвались бы. Искусственно объединенные составляющие федерации решили быть автономными и свободными – и это право каждого народа. Желание Хорватии отделиться от соседей вызвало бурю противоречий и недовольства, особенно со стороны сербов. В принципе, ситуация вполне понятна – на территории Хорватии сосредоточено 60% нефти и нефтепродуктов федерации, практически вся тяжелая промышленность, основные курорты. Сербия всегда ориентировалась на сельское хозяйство. Выход Хорватии расценивался как финансовый крах страны. Плюс религиозные различия: хорваты сплошь католики, сербы – православные. В 1991 году начался вооруженный конфликт, последствия которого ощущаются и сегодня. Свобода далась Хорватии дорогой ценой. По дороге мы видели разрушенные дома, в которые никогда не вернутся хозяева, следы от пуль и снарядов, а иногда – замершую военную технику.

Немного истории …Древние хорваты в пятом веке жили на северных склонах Карпат, в районе нынешних Кракова, Бреста и Львова. Византийцы называли их «белыми», или некрещеными хорватами. Само слово «хорват» также иранского происхождения. Впервые слово «кроатус» встречается в первом веке в надписи на глиняной табличке, найденной на Крымском полуострове. Да и название гор – Карпаты – ученые тоже производят от слова «кроат» или «хорват». Утверждают также, что хорваты приложили свою руку в дело основания Киева – из трех основателей – Кий, Щек и Хорив – как раз последний был хорватом. Каким же образом хорватам посчастливилось попасть на берег моря? Оказывается, довольно просто. Византийские правители часто в древние времена приглашали на воинскую службу представителей других народов. Однажды повезло и хорватским воинам. Их призвали пожить на берегу Адриатического моря в начале седьмого века. В хорватских хрониках это событие нашло яркое отражение. Там говорится о пяти братьях и двух сестрах – предводителях племен, которые снялись с насиженных мест и переселились к морю. В результате оказалось, что выигрыш хорватов получился многократным – мало того, что они сменили климат на вполне приличный, но еще и попали в прогрессивную социальную среду. Это дало возможность быстро развиваться во всех отношениях и выгодно отличаться от других племен, не получивших «приморскую» прописку. У хорватов, к примеру, раньше всех возникло государство. Уже в 925 году Папа Римский венчал королевской короной хорватского князя. Они раньше всех приняли христианство – в седьмом веке. У них раньше всех возникла письменность, основанная на настоящей, исконно славянской азбуке – глаголице. Первая типография появилась в Косине через тридцать лет после изобретения Гутенберга. Самый старинный открытый европейский театр находится на острове Хвар. Благодаря сильному влиянию католичества, в Хорватии существует богатая литература на латинском языке, которая занимает второе место после Италии. История Хорватии – сложная и запутанная. Хорошо, конечно, жить в приличном месте с видом на море, но, сами понимаете, дело это не только приятное, но и опасное, так как все время приходилось отбиваться от желающих урвать себе кусочек чужой землицы под южным солнцем. Каких только сражений ни видела эта земля! Хорваты воевали с гуннами, татарами, франками, венецианцами, турками… Граница Хорватии всегда была границей между двумя мирами: сначала между Западом и Римской империей, между варварами и христианством, и в конечном итоге – между Европой и Азией. В 1102 году Хорватия объединилась с Венгрией, венгерский король Кальман стал одновременно и королем Хорватии. Таким образом, вплоть до 1918 года истории двух стран тесно переплетаются друг с другом. Объединение нескольких стран в одно государство – Югославию – сразу выявило целый клубок противоречий. Это непродуманное и поспешное политическое решение долгие годы негативно сказывалось на жизни балканских государств. После Второй мировой войны Югославия стала членом социалистического лагеря, а правительство возглавили коммунисты. Внешне все выглядело вполне пристойно, пожалуй, ни одна страна соцлагеря не была так близка по экономическому уровню к капитализму. Даже туристы, отправляющиеся в те годы в Югославию, оформлялись по особо разработанному образцу. Короче, туризм в эту страну развивался бы и развивался, если бы не грянула гражданская война. По сути, долгие годы и десятилетия, Югославия как бы пребывала на пороховой бочке внутренних противоречий, которые рано или поздно взорвались бы. Искусственно объединенные составляющие федерации решили быть автономными и свободными – и это право каждого народа. Желание Хорватии отделиться от соседей вызвало бурю противоречий и недовольства, особенно со стороны сербов. В принципе, ситуация вполне понятна – на территории Хорватии сосредоточено 60% нефти и нефтепродуктов федерации, практически вся тяжелая промышленность, основные курорты. Сербия всегда ориентировалась на сельское хозяйство. Выход Хорватии расценивался как финансовый крах страны. Плюс религиозные различия: хорваты сплошь католики, сербы – православные. В 1991 году начался вооруженный конфликт, последствия которого ощущаются и сегодня. Свобода далась Хорватии дорогой ценой. По дороге мы видели разрушенные дома, в которые никогда не вернутся хозяева, следы от пуль и снарядов, а иногда – замершую военную технику.

Post: 15 September 2022

Ksenia B

Гуляя по природному комплексу «Голубые озера», следует помнить о том, что здесь действует особый режим охраны. Посещать без специального разрешения заповедную зону, обозначенную табличками и предупреждающими знаками, запрещено. Зона регулируемого использования также предполагает целый ряд ограничений: ставить палатки, парковать автомобили и разводить костры можно лишь в специально отведенных для этого местах. Здесь разрешены сбор грибов и ягод для личного пользования, а также любительский лов рыбы. Соблюдайте эти простые правила, и тогда ваше знакомство с Голубыми озерами ничто не омрачит!

Гуляя по природному комплексу «Голубые озера», следует помнить о том, что здесь действует особый режим охраны. Посещать без специального разрешения заповедную зону, обозначенную табличками и предупреждающими знаками, запрещено. Зона регулируемого использования также предполагает целый ряд ограничений: ставить палатки, парковать автомобили и разводить костры можно лишь в специально отведенных для этого местах. Здесь разрешены сбор грибов и ягод для личного пользования, а также любительский лов рыбы. Соблюдайте эти простые правила, и тогда ваше знакомство с Голубыми озерами ничто не омрачит!

Post: 14 September 2022

Ksenia B

На территории поместья, принадлежавшего роду Бишевских, помимо усадебного дома, сохранилась башня-коптильня. Не пропустите культурный центр «Культыватар», расположившийся неподалеку в старом кирпичном здании. Если время позволяет, рекомендуем посетить и деревню Камаи, чтобы увидеть там костел оборонного типа.

На территории поместья, принадлежавшего роду Бишевских, помимо усадебного дома, сохранилась башня-коптильня. Не пропустите культурный центр «Культыватар», расположившийся неподалеку в старом кирпичном здании. Если время позволяет, рекомендуем посетить и деревню Камаи, чтобы увидеть там костел оборонного типа.

Post: 9 September 2022

Ksenia B

По пути стоит посетить пекарню и кафе в д. Комарово. Здесь можно купить не только вкусную свежую выпечку, но и пиво собственного приготовления. Внимания заслуживает и поместье Сулистровских, построенное в начале ХХ века. Сегодня Комарово известно благодаря усилиям семьи Войтеховичей. Это они придумали фестиваль «Камарова – кола дзён», а также создали пекарню и кафе, развивают здесь сельский туризм… После Комарово вы будете проезжать деревню Ольшево. Слева вы увидите старинные конюшни из красного кирпича и тесанного камня.

По пути стоит посетить пекарню и кафе в д. Комарово. Здесь можно купить не только вкусную свежую выпечку, но и пиво собственного приготовления. Внимания заслуживает и поместье Сулистровских, построенное в начале ХХ века. Сегодня Комарово известно благодаря усилиям семьи Войтеховичей. Это они придумали фестиваль «Камарова – кола дзён», а также создали пекарню и кафе, развивают здесь сельский туризм… После Комарово вы будете проезжать деревню Ольшево. Слева вы увидите старинные конюшни из красного кирпича и тесанного камня.

Post: 8 September 2022

Ksenia B

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